A green result on
an address nobody uses.
The most common real cause of "the app cannot reach the database" is the name — resolving to the wrong place, to nothing, or to different places for different clients. An IP-based check cannot see it. So PathMRI resolves the name where the application would: on the source host.
Asked from the right place
The controller's answer can differ from the source host's, and it is the source host's that the application will use.
Which resolver replied
The A and AAAA answers, and the resolver that gave them — so an override on one host stops looking like a network fault.
Whether it even was DNS
An answer from the hosts file is called out. It overrides DNS entirely, and no zone change will ever affect it — which is why this is the one that wastes a whole afternoon.
What other hosts see
The same name resolved from other source hosts. That is the evidence a split-horizon finding rests on, and it cannot be produced from one machine.